A forearm fracture is a complete or incomplete break of one or both the radius and ulna bones of the forearm, which extend from the elbow to the wrist.
Frequent Signs and Symptoms
- Severe forearm pain at the time of injury
- Tenderness, swelling, and later bruising of the forearm, with the swelling and bruising later moving to the wrist and hand
- Visible deformity if the fracture is complete and bone fragments separate (are displaced) enough to distort normal body contours
- Numbness, coldness, or paralysis below the fracture involving the forearm or hand from pressure on or stretching of blood vessels or nerves (uncommon)
Etiology (Causes)
- Direct blow or force to the forearm bone
- Indirect stress due to falling on an outstretched hand, twisting injury, or violent muscle contraction
Risk Factors
- Contact sports, such as football, rugby, soccer, martial arts, and hockey
- History of bone or joint disease (such as osteoporosis)
- Previous immobilization of the forearm
- Poor physical conditioning (strength and flexibility)
Prevention
- Appropriately warm up and stretch before practice or competition.
- Maintain appropriate conditioning, including forearm strength, flexibility, and endurance.
- Wear proper protective equipment and ensure correct fit.